Abstract
Background
Lead extraction using laser sheaths is performed mainly for cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections. However, there are few reports concerning the management of CIED infections in Japan.
Methods and results
Lead extraction procedures were performed in 183 patients targeting 450 leads (atrial leads: 170, ventricular: 181, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs): 79, and coronary sinus: 20). One hundred twenty patients (65.6%) presented with pocket infections without the presentation of an endovascular infection. Blood cultures were positive at least once in 63 patients (34.4%). Complete procedure success was achieved for 437 leads (97.1%) while partial removal occurred in nine, and failure in four leads. Major complications directly related to the procedure occurred in five patients (2.7%). Two of the four patients with a cardiac tamponade required a surgical repair. All patients received intravenous antibiotics, at least, one week after the procedure. Pocket or systemic infections were successfully controlled in 181 patients (98.9%). Coagulase-negative staphylococci (30.1%) and Staphylococcus aureus (37.1%) were the most common causes of CIED infections.
Conclusion
The current status of CIED infections in Japan seems to be similar to that previously reported from foreign countries. The optimal treatment of CIED infections involves the complete explantation of all hardware, followed by antibiotic therapy.
Keywords
Lead extraction; Laser; Pacemaker; Defibrillator; Infection
Citation: Masahiko Goya, Michio Nagashima, Ken-ichi Hiroshima, Kentaro Hayashi, Yu Makihara Lead extractions in patients with cardiac implantable electronic device infections: Single center experience doi:10.1016/j.joa.2016.02.004
Received: 10 June 2015 Revised: 14 December 2015 Accepted: 12 February 2016 Available online: 22 March 2016
Copyright: © 2016 Japanese Heart Rhythm Society. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Conflicts of Interest
All authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this study.
Acknowledgments
None
